Before You Buy: Which Flu Test Is Right for Your Office?

By now, physicians may have an idea of what’s to come this flu season, based on how the flu season has already played out in other parts of the world. In previous years, however, despite forewarnings, the United States and European countries are sometimes caught off guard with a “Perfect Storm” of challenges for the influenza season. Physician offices should be stocking up on flu tests and other supplies in preparation for this year’s flu season. What do they need to know before they choose a flu test?

Planning Ahead

So much of flu season is a guessing game, especially when trying to plan for it. The World Health Organization (WHO), the Center for Disease Control (CDC), and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) weigh in with their recommendation to which strains should be included in the upcoming flu vaccine well before the season gets started. Their prediction on what strains should be included will dictate how effective the vaccine will be. How severe the flu season is difficult to predict ahead of time, and the key indicators used by the WHO, CDC, and others can only be obtained after flu season begins!

So, what can clinicians and distributors do to prepare?

First, conducting a business assessment of what the clinicians experienced last year and looking at  historical data can help dictate a plan to ensure they procure enough product.

Second, weigh the pros and cons of the tests they are currently using and tests they might be considering. Clinicians should consider the following:

• Performance—Is test sensitivity and specificity the most critical?
• Volume—How many tests does your facility perform during an average flu season?
• Ease of Use – how simple is the test to perform?
• CLIA Complexity – Does the facility require Waived Complexity (These simple and accurate tests are exempt from CLIA health and safety standards) or Moderate Complexity (These tests are more complex and have requirements for quality control, quality assurance, and more) Tests.
• Results reporting—Is it important for your facility to have an instrument-based result or visual read result, or is either one acceptable?
• Sample type—Does the test need to allow for multiple sample types (nasal, nasopharyngeal, aspirate/wash, and/or viral transport media (VTM))?
• Connectivity—Is it important for the testing device to be able to transmit the results electronically?
• Cost of the test
• The time to result
• Does the test require confirmation testing for negative results?

What’s Out There?

There are several types of flu tests available on the market. Rapid molecular tests detect the genetic material of the virus and typically produce results in 30 minutes or less. These are considered to be more accurate than rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs). RIDTs are lateral flow immunochemical membrane tests that can be either read visually or by an instrument and are intended to detect the presence (or absence) of a target antigen in 15 minutes or less.

FLU DIAGNOSTIC OPTIONS

ACCURACY, TIME AND COST COMPARISON

Depending on what characteristics (from above) are important to the clinician will help determine what type of test is a good fit for the facility. The manufacturer and distribution representative would be able to help guide the clinician to a product that is just right for them.

It should be noted that no flu test provides 100% accuracy. Results depend on the type of test used, the strain of virus and the integrity of the sample. It is very important when bringing on any test to review  any limitations of the test, such as strain detection, any patient age limitations and performance data, along with sample collection and handling best practices and make sure that all staff is trained to provide the best in class testing.

The Importance of Testing

Due to the known performance issues surrounding the RIDTs, some physicians may argue that it’s not necessary to administer a flu test in order to diagnose and treat.

Testing does not usually change how a patient will be treated for a flu diagnosis, so why bother? It turns out there are several reasons.

• Empirical treatment has a disadvantage in that many more patients are receiving treatment than actually have the flu giving rise to a possible antiviral shortage and possibly delaying the right treatment for another health issue.
• Testing patients provides valuable information to the clinician that can enable them to rule out other illnesses, helps determine a more direct therapy plan, and reduces the risk of unnecessary antiviral or antibiotics therapy, while increasing the chances that the patient will receive anti-viral therapy early when it is most effective.
• Testing will also help determine whether an outbreak of flu is occurring. Since the implementation of rapid molecular tests and the drive by the FDA reclassification to have better RIDTs into the market clinicians can have the opportunity to utilize a highly accurate test to be more confident in the results to drive direct therapy.

How Sekisui Diagnostics Can Help

Sekisui Diagnostics offers three flu tests to help clinicians master the art of influenza testing.

The CLIA-Waived Silaris^® Influenza A&B Test is a molecular diagnostic test utilizing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology providing accurate results for early diagnosis and proper management of influenza.

The CLIA-Waived OSOM^® Ultra Flu A & B Test is a FDA Class II compliant in-vitro rapid qualitative test that detects influenza type A and type B nucleoprotein antigens directly from nasal swab, nasopharyngeal swab, and nasopharyngeal aspirate/wash specimens obtained from patients with signs and symptoms of respiratory infection.

The combination of the Acucy^TM Influenza A&B Test and the Acucy Reader provides clinicians with standardized and definitive result interpretation. Utilizing the Acucy Reader in either the point-of-care or laboratory setting provides workflow flexibility with Read Now and Walk Away features.

The 5 “Ps”

In the end, it comes down to the 5 “Ps” – Proper Preparation Prevents Poor Performance! Don’t be afraid to keep stock of flu tests all year round. Understand new options—with the fear of changing strains, new technologies are more important than ever.  Just remember, you have choices!